八角柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率分析

doi:10.19692/j.issn.1006-1126.20240104

广西林业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 27-32.DOI: 10.19692/j.issn.1006-1126.20240104

八角柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率分析

黄开顺, 李开祥, 梁文汇, 曾祥艳, 杨卓颖

广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室国家林业和草原局八角肉桂工程技术研究中心广西木本香料工程技术研究中心,广西南宁 530002

收稿日期:2023-10-16 出版日期:2024-02-29 发布日期:2024-03-07
通讯作者: 李开祥（1972 — ）,男,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事经济林育种与栽培研究。
作者简介:黄开顺（1980 — ），男，硕士，正高级工程师，主要从事经济林育种与栽培研究。
基金资助:
“十四五”广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB18221040）; 广西科技发展战略研究专项课题（桂科ZL22064013）; 广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室自主课题（JA-22-03-03）

Analysis on Stigma Receptivity, Pollen Vitality and Fruit Setting Rates of Illicium verum

Huang Kaishun, Li Kaixiang, Liang Wenhui, Zeng Xiangyan, Yang Zhuoying

Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forests Cultivation and Utilization, Illicium and Cinnamomum Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guangxi Xylophyta Spices Research Center of Engineering Technology, Nanning, Guangxi 530002, China

Received:2023-10-16 Online:2024-02-29 Published:2024-03-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探明八角（Illicium verum）柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率的变化,指导杂交育种工作,采用联苯胺-过氧化氢法检测八角花器官在不同发育阶段柱头的可授性,采用TTC染色法检测不同月份开花的花粉活力,同时调查和分析座果率。结果表明,八角花器官在含苞欲放大蕾期柱头已具有可授性,在盛开期柱头开始失去可授性,在凋谢期柱头已失去可授性;盛开期至凋谢期,雄蕊花药开裂并大量散出花粉,说明八角存在雌蕊先熟的生殖特性。在8—10月花期,不同月份开花的花粉中,有活力花粉百分率差异显著,其中8月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为90.27%和66.73%,9月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为96.62%和63.52%,10月有活力和强活力花粉百分率分别为69.81%和35.63%。不同月份开花的座果率差异显著,8—10月的自然座果率分别为62.41%、76.88%和61.48%;套袋隔离处理后,座果率分别为10.00%、22.22%和4.44%。综合分析认为,9月八角有活力花粉百分率最高,座果率也最高,此时最适合开展八角杂交授粉工作;应选择柱头具有最佳可授性的含苞欲放花蕾作为杂交母本。

关键词: 柱头可授性, 花粉活力, 座果率, 八角

Abstract: In order to investigate changes of stigma receptivity, pollen vitality and fruit setting rates of Illicium verum and guide hybridization, stigma receptivity of I. verum floral organs in different development stages were detected by benzidine and hydrogen peroxide method, and pollen vitality of flowering in different months were detected by TTC staining method. Fruit setting rates were investigated and analyzed. Results showed that stigmas of I. verum floral organs had receptivity in large bud stage (ready to burst), began to lose receptivity in full bloom stage, and lost receptivity in faded stage. From full bloom stage to faded stage, stamen anthers cracked and dispersed a lot of pollens, which indicated that I. verum had reproductive characteristic of pistil maturity before stamen. During flowering period from August to October, percentages of vibrant pollens of flowering in different months were significantly different. Percentages of vibrant pollens and high vibrant pollens in August were 90.27% and 66.73% respectively, percentages in September were 96.62% and 63.52% respectively, and percentages in October were 69.81% and 35.63% respectively. Fruit setting rates of flowering in different months were significantly different. Natural fruit setting rates from August to October were 62.41%, 76.88% and 61.48% respectively, while fruit setting rates after bagging and isolation were 10.00%, 22.22% and 4.44% respectively. According to comprehensive analysis, percentage of vibrant pollens and fruit setting rate in September were the highest, which was the most suitable month for I. verum hybrid pollination. Budding flower (ready to burst) which stigmas had the best receptivity should be selected as hybrid mother.

Key words: stigma receptivity, pollen viability, fruit setting rate, Illicium verum

中图分类号:

S756.5

黄开顺, 李开祥, 梁文汇, 曾祥艳, 杨卓颖. 八角柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率分析[J]. 广西林业科学, 2024, 53(1): 27-32.

Huang Kaishun, Li Kaixiang, Liang Wenhui, Zeng Xiangyan, Yang Zhuoying. Analysis on Stigma Receptivity, Pollen Vitality and Fruit Setting Rates of Illicium verum[J]. GUANGXI FORESTRY SCIENCE, 2024, 53(1): 27-32.

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八角柱头可授性、花粉活力和座果率分析

Analysis on Stigma Receptivity, Pollen Vitality and Fruit Setting Rates of Illicium verum

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